Ghana forfeits $54bn to trade-related illicit flows over a decade
Ghana forfeited an estimated US$54.1 billion to trade-related illicit financial flows between 2013 and 2022, ranking third among Africa’s most affected countries, according to a Global Financial Integrity report. The findings highlight widespread trade misinvoicing, particularly in key export sectors such as gold, cocoa and oil, and warn that without urgent reforms, the losses will continue to undermine the country’s development and economic sovereignty.